Assessments at Principle-Centered Health Human Performance Services
(for details see the individual pages)
I. Performance (Fitness) Variables
1) Body Fat Analysis
a) Hydrostatic Weighing with Vital Capacity determining Residual Volume - (currently unavaible)
b) Bod Pod - Body Plethymethography
c) Anthro-Impedence- This new method combines 5 (men) or 6 (women) anthropometric measures with analog impedance measure (supine dual electrodes
on hands and feet). Improved over normal method which is R= 0.91, SEE= 2.8% to hydrostatic weighing.
d) Caliper - Using Jackson Pollack - 4 or 7 site with John Bull (Harpenden like) caliper.
2) Aerobic Capacity Determination
a) Actual VO2 determination using New Leaf Metabolic Analysis unit - O2 & CO2. Graded exercise test performed with Anaerobic Threshold determined with 4
physiological variables and carbohydrate vs fat consumption values provided.
b) Predicted VO2max - using a standardized protocol on a Treadmill, Bike or Step test. This test associates heart rate with work load and gender, weight and
age for predictions.
c) Field Test - A Walk or Run test with measurements by time or distance.
3) Strength Tests
a) Dynamic Strength Determination - using 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press and % of body weight to calculate relative strength.
b) Predicted 1RM test using the Brzycki formula.
c) Static (isometric) Strength - for upper body - using a grip dynamomter
d) Static (isometric) Strength - for lower body - using squat test - tensiometer
e) Static (isometric) Strength - for torso and lower body - dead lift tensiometer
The bar graph below shows a typical report for an individual who performed several component of fitness tests. The green was the first date (before) and the blue is the later date (after). A red bar has been provided to show an eventual goal by this participant. 
4) Flexibility
a) Sit and Reach- assesses lower body and trunk flexibility
b) Reach over- assesses upper body and shoulder girdle.
5) Muscular Endurance
a) Push up test- to exhaustion- upper body endurance
b) Dip test- also upper body endurance- (triceps/ chest)
c) Chin-up test- upper body endurance- (bicep/ shoulder)
d) Crunch test- torso muscular endurance (timed)
e) Multiple Jump (60x)- lower body test- examines fatigue ratio
6) Power
a) Vertical Jump- measured by pressure sensitive mat- lower body power
b) Explosive Leg Power Factor- function of vertical and ground time
c) Wingate Test- performed on cycle ergometer.
7) Speed
a) 40 yd sprint- timed with pressure sensitive mat to 1/100th of a second.
b) 10 yd Pro Shuttle Run tests
II. Non- Performance Variables
1) Blood pressure
a) Omron automatic
2) Blood work
a) In house- Lipid Profile and glucose to be entered into a disease risk calculation
b) Outsourced- comprehensive blood work profiles which determine nutritional status, cardiac, diabetes, and
cancer risk profiles.
3) Tissue Anti-oxidant- Biophotonic Scanner by Pharmanex examines carotenoids in skin
4) Bone Density- A Norland Stratec bone densitometer will deliver a T score used in osteoporosis risk calculation.
5) Lung Volumes and Function
a) Forced Expiratory Volume- with a handheld spirometer
b) Computerized readout (Micro DL) of most expiratory (FEV1, FVC, PEF, FEV1%FVC, F50, F25, MEF, FET).
6) Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
a) Indirect Calorimetry- using New Leaf or Korr respiratory gas calculation
b) Harris Benedict and Lean Body Tissue calculations
c) Total Caloric Output- via RMR + activity factor or using Pharmanex system.
7) Disease or Health Risk Assessments- cardiovascular, osteoporosis, arthritis etc
a) Bioanalogics
b) BSDI